# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# bridges.py - bridge-finding algorithms
#
# Copyright 2004-2017 NetworkX developers.
#
# This file is part of NetworkX.
#
# NetworkX is distributed under a BSD license; see LICENSE.txt for more
# information.
"""Bridge-finding algorithms."""
from itertools import chain

import networkx as nx
from networkx.utils import not_implemented_for

__all__ = ['bridges', 'has_bridges', 'local_bridges']


@not_implemented_for('multigraph')
@not_implemented_for('directed')
def bridges(G, root=None):
    """Generate all bridges in a graph.

    A *bridge* in a graph is an edge whose removal causes the number of
    connected components of the graph to increase.  Equivalently, a bridge is an
    edge that does not belong to any cycle.

    Parameters
    ----------
    G : undirected graph

    root : node (optional)
       A node in the graph `G`. If specified, only the bridges in the
       connected component containing this node will be returned.

    Yields
    ------
    e : edge
       An edge in the graph whose removal disconnects the graph (or
       causes the number of connected components to increase).

    Raises
    ------
    NodeNotFound
       If `root` is not in the graph `G`.

    Examples
    --------
    The barbell graph with parameter zero has a single bridge:

    >>> G = nx.barbell_graph(10, 0)
    >>> list(nx.bridges(G))
    [(9, 10)]

    Notes
    -----
    This is an implementation of the algorithm described in _[1].  An edge is a
    bridge iff it is not contained in any chain. Chains are found using the
    :func:`networkx.chain_decomposition` function.

    Ignoring polylogarithmic factors, the worst-case time complexity is the
    same as the :func:`networkx.chain_decomposition` function,
    $O(m + n)$, where $n$ is the number of nodes in the graph and $m$ is
    the number of edges.

    References
    ----------
    .. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_%28graph_theory%29#Bridge-Finding_with_Chain_Decompositions
    """
    chains = nx.chain_decomposition(G, root=root)
    chain_edges = set(chain.from_iterable(chains))
    for u, v in G.edges():
        if (u, v) not in chain_edges and (v, u) not in chain_edges:
            yield u, v


@not_implemented_for('multigraph')
@not_implemented_for('directed')
def has_bridges(G, root=None):
    """Decide whether a graph has any bridges.

    A *bridge* in a graph is an edge whose removal causes the number of
    connected components of the graph to increase.

    Parameters
    ----------
    G : undirected graph

    root : node (optional)
       A node in the graph `G`. If specified, only the bridges in the
       connected component containing this node will be considered.

    Returns
    -------
    bool
       Whether the graph (or the connected component containing `root`)
       has any bridges.

    Raises
    ------
    NodeNotFound
       If `root` is not in the graph `G`.

    Examples
    --------
    The barbell graph with parameter zero has a single bridge::

        >>> G = nx.barbell_graph(10, 0)
        >>> nx.has_bridges(G)
        True

    On the other hand, the cycle graph has no bridges::

        >>> G = nx.cycle_graph(5)
        >>> nx.has_bridges(G)
        False

    Notes
    -----
    This implementation uses the :func:`networkx.bridges` function, so
    it shares its worst-case time complexity, $O(m + n)$, ignoring
    polylogarithmic factors, where $n$ is the number of nodes in the
    graph and $m$ is the number of edges.

    """
    try:
        next(bridges(G))
    except StopIteration:
        return False
    else:
        return True


@not_implemented_for('multigraph')
@not_implemented_for('directed')
def local_bridges(G, with_span=True, weight=None):
    """Iterate over local bridges of `G` optionally computing the span

    A *local bridge* is an edge whose endpoints have no common neighbors.
    That is, the edge is not part of a triangle in the graph.

    The *span* of a *local bridge* is the shortest path length between
    the endpoints if the local bridge is removed.

    Parameters
    ----------
    G : undirected graph

    with_span : bool
        If True, yield a 3-tuple `(u, v, span)`

    weight : function, string or None (default: None)
        If function, used to compute edge weights for the span.
        If string, the edge data attribute used in calculating span.
        If None, all edges have weight 1.

    Yields
    ------
    e : edge
        The local bridges as an edge 2-tuple of nodes `(u, v)` or
        as a 3-tuple `(u, v, span)` when `with_span is True`.

    Examples
    --------
    A cycle graph has every edge a local bridge with span N-1.

       >>> G = nx.cycle_graph(9)
       >>> (0, 8, 8) in set(nx.local_bridges(G))
       True
    """
    if with_span is not True:
        for u, v in G.edges:
            if not (set(G[u]) & set(G[v])):
                yield u, v
    else:
        wt = nx.weighted._weight_function(G, weight)
        for u, v in G.edges:
            if not (set(G[u]) & set(G[v])):
                enodes = {u, v}

                def hide_edge(n, nbr, d):
                    if n not in enodes or nbr not in enodes:
                        return wt(n, nbr, d)
                    return None

                try:
                    span = nx.shortest_path_length(G, u, v, weight=hide_edge)
                    yield u, v, span
                except nx.NetworkXNoPath:
                    yield u, v, float('inf')
